Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1107 Words

Marta Przybylowska Mary Shelley chose to write Frankenstein from the perspective of three narrators, which, not surprisingly, were all male. We are presented with the accounts of Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein, and the Monster. The women that are portrayed in this novel are simply tools used by the author to further develop the importance of the male experience of the narrators. They are portrayed as beautiful, capable of self sacrifice, delicate and nurturing to their men, yet at the same time they have very little influence over the actions of these men. In the few instances where Shelley gives women power, she quickly takes it away. Such as the phenomena of creating life that women have when they give birth, she gives to women, but then takes it away and hands to Victor, allowing him to play God. By looking at Frankenstein through the lens of Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France, it becomes apparent that Shelley has written the novel with a focus on the patriarchal perspective that in turn points out the simplification of the female persona in the novel. This is important to acknowledge because Mary Shelley uses this as a mechanism to create an image of women that lacks proper representation and negates their contribution to the life cycle. Women are made to appear grotesque in a sense, similarly to the way that the commonwealth is made to appear in Burke’s text. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley creates an image of women that is fabricated solelyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and published the novel to sell to the European public. The novel caught the world off guard in the way that a female was able to write about such harsh, dark, and evil things in a European society whose authors like John Locke and Charles Mon tesquieu preached enlightenment, self exploration, and individualism all in an optimistic enablingRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1615 Words   |  7 Pagesa whole and how accurate a depiction they might think it to be, they will miss out on many of the qualities of the painting that reside below the immediately apparent surface level. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a text dedicated to expounding upon the dangers of such superficial analysis. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley openly condemns the surface level and appearance oriented methodology under which the human mind operates. The very protagonist of the novel is inspired solely by reputation and howRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1758 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein was published over 200 years ago. Ever since it was published, it has been one of the most famous books known to literature. History.com Staff states that this book, by 21-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, is frequently called the world’s first science fiction novel (History.com Staff). According to Wikipedia, Shelley was an English novelist. She was born August 30th, 1797. She died on February 1st, 1951 (Wikipedia). Shelley came up with the idea of Frankenstein as she andRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. Unlike Genesis, Frankenstein begins with the fall of humanityRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein And Frankenstein1410 Words   |  6 Pagescompassion and sympathy through the love of a person whom cares very deeply about them. In Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the three main characters Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein and Frankenstein (The Monster) are shown throughout the story, longing and in search for a companion. Throughout the story, the characters struggle with the battle of wanting either sympathy or compassion from a person or both. Mary Shelley shows the true indication of Human Nature by showing the importance of sympathy andRead MoreAnalysis of Mary Shelley ´s Frankenstein991 Words   |  4 Pagesalive. If it can learn, eventually speak, or came about because of another, it’s a person. The Creature of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is no exception. Victor’s creation needs nourishment, education, and morals, which should be provided by it’s creator, it’s parent, just like any other child. The way that needs of an individual are met shapes the outcome of their life. In her novel, Shelley demonstrates this impact that parents have on their child’s life through the contrasting upbringing of VictorRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1701 Words   |  7 Pages Frankenstein is a novel that is practically devoid of any female presence, yet author Mary Shelley pens a story that is lush with portrayals of feminine ideology. Throughout the course of this novel, the audience is introduced to three different female characters. The first is Elizabeth Lavenza— Victor Frankenstein’s wife. She is presented as a passive and weak woman who embodies the traditional role of women in the 19th century. Caroline Beaufort is present in the novel, but her role is limitedRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1038 Words   |  5 PagesAlexi Torres English III Dr. W.W. Allman December 1, 2015 Frankenstein In Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, she shows that good people can turn evil, but are not born this way. Humans being rude and isolating someone can make a person go insane and do things they are not proud of. Shelley shows this through the creature that Frankenstein creates and gives examples showing his evilness, but also shows that the creature tries to explain many times that he wants a friend and cannot find one becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1088 Words   |  5 PagesCreature’s Argument In the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the Creature s only need is for a female companion, which he asks Victor Frankenstein his maker to create. Shelley shows the argument between the creature and Frankenstein. The creature says: I demand a creature of another sex, but as hideous as myself (Shelley 139). Shelley shows what the creature wants from Frankenstein and what his needs are. Shelley gives us an idea of the sympathy that Frankenstein might feel for the creature evenRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 843 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wretch Frankenstein is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley about a peculiar scientist named Victor Frankenstein. Victor, who is a scientist endeavoring to make history, engenders a monstrous but attentive creature in an eccentric scientific experiment. The monster that he engenders faces abnegation and fear from his creator and society. The monster is the worst kind of scientific experiment gone awry. The creature has compassion for society but additionally wants to take revenge on

Risk Management Project Part 1 Task 1 - 602 Words

Tony Stark Risk Management Project Part 1 Task 1 Introduction A risk management plan is important for any business or organization regardless of the business’s or organization’s size. In the case of the Defense Logistics Information Service (DLIS), a risk management plan is critical in making sure the data that DLIS handles is protected. Loss or stolen information from DLIS can affect military assets. A plan needs to be made to be able to follow procedures in the event of an incident and to help mitigate data loss. Risk Management Outline 1.0 Introduction 2.1 Purpose and Objectives 2.0 Identify Threats 3.2 Attacks from the Internet 3.3 Hardware or software failures 3.4 Loss of Internet†¦show more content†¦ibilities Senior Management: * Responsible for all organizational risk * Develops strategic initiatives associated with risk and risk management * Ensures necessary resources are applied effectively * Assigns and manages risk management responsibilities throughout the organization * Assesses and incorporates results of risk assessment into decision making IT Management * Supports the organization’s information systems * Responsible for planning, budgeting, and performing information system security * Works with individual and organizations to ensure proper implementation of risk management plan * Adheres to risk management plan, compliance requirements, and audits * Develops business continuity, disaster recovery, and incident response plans System and Information Owners * Responsible for ensuring that proper controls are in place * Responsible for changes to the IT systems * Approve changes to systems * Understand and support the risk management process Information Security (IS) Management * Includes IT security program managers and computer security managers * Responsible for organization’s security program, including risk management * Introduces appropriate structures and methodologies to help identify, evaluate, and minimize risk Functional Management * Responsible for business operations and IT procurement * Makes trade-off decisions regarding system security * Enables achievement ofShow MoreRelatedis3110 project1391 Words   |  6 PagesProject Project: Risk Management Plan Purpose This project provides an opportunity to apply the competencies gained in the units of this course to develop a risk management plan for a specific business problem related to an organization’s identification of an outdated plan. Required Source Information and Tools The following tools and resources that will be needed to complete this project: ï‚ § Course textbook ï‚ § Internet access for research ï‚ § Defense Logistics Agency: www.dla.mil Learning ObjectivesRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantage Funtonal, Matrix and Dedicated in Organizational Structures765 Words   |  4 PagesASSIGNMENT – EMPM5103 MAY SEMESTER 2013 EMPM5103 – PRINCIPLES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT OBJECTIVE: The assignment is intended to provide you the opportunity to evaluate and discuss critically three different principles of project management under the following tasks : Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Organisation Structure Risk Management Project Planning The details of the tasks are explained below: TASK 1: ORGANISATION STRUCTURE Question Discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of theRead MoreWhy Are Successful Projects so Important to Hewlett-Packard?999 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 1 Projects in Contemporary Organizations Copyright 2012 John Wiley Sons, Inc. Introduction Rapid growth in project management ï  ¬ In the past, most projects were external ï  ¬ – – – Building a new skyscraper New ad campaign Launching a rocket Developing a new product Opening a new branch Improving the services provided 1-2 ï  ¬ Growth lately is in internal projects – – – 1 8/30/2012 How Project Management Developed ï  ¬ Credit for the development of project managementRead MoreMiss1698 Words   |  7 PagesREMOTE DEPOSIT CAPTURE PROJECT – Case Scenario – II (Schwalbe K., 2010, Managing Information Technology Projects 6E, Course Technology, Cengage Learning) Part 5: Project Quality Management The Remote Deposit Capture Project team is working hard to ensure that the new system meets expectations. Even though you have a detailed scope statement, schedule, and so on, you want to be sure that the project will please key stakeholders, in particular Harold, the project sponsor, and Tricia, the VP ofRead MoreProject Risk Management Of Information Technology1492 Words   |  6 Pages PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY By POURUSPA ANKLESARIA 18154704 Executive Summary This report revolves around the risks in Information Systems Project and also gives a brief idea on Information technology project management. The project also shows and discusses the importance and the role of project manager in making the project a success. Risk and how to deal with it, risk management using Work Breakdown Structure Read MoreProject Is Low Moderate As The Goal Of The Project1499 Words   |  6 Pages1. Uncertainty: The uncertainty for our project is Low-Moderate as the goal of the project is clear and defined. 2. Technology: The technology to be used for the project is Standard because the existing system is already in place. 3. Complexity: Complexity can be defined as Medium as major part of the existing system has to be re-engineered and all the data from the existing system have to be migrated. 4. Duration: The duration for the project is defined for a time frame of 6 months, which maybeRead MoreBackground And Motivation Of Vehicle Suspension900 Words   |  4 PagesObjectives 1.3.1. Aims The aim of the project is to model, simulate and validate a quarter vehicle suspension system with preview control technology. Academic knowledge acquired from system engineering approach is aiming to be converted into practical skill by understanding, modelling and analyzing a real-world problem. The project also seeks to improve one’s project management skills that make the various elements combine for a successful deliverables. 1.3.2. Objectives 1) Literature review on vehicle suspensionRead MoreUnderstanding Project Management Related Approaches1324 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Project Management Related Approaches Chandra Shekar Pulipati Oklahoma State University Abstract Several approaches exist towards a successful project management. These have been emerging over years and also vary from project to project and industry to industry. This article focuses on few of popular project management techniques 1. PRINCE2 (Projects in Controlled Environments) 2. CPPM (Critical chain project management) 3. Agile Project Management Each of this technique focuses onRead MoreA Research Project Manager Should Monitor The Project1305 Words   |  6 Pagesthe project development. ïÆ' ¼ Electric short circuit cause serious problem. ïÆ' ¼ Unrealistic budgeting and schedules. To identify the risk is brainstorming job. It requires a lot of investigation to find the root cause of the problem. 6.1 Ishikawa Diagrams â€Å"Ishikawa diagrams† were first proposed by â€Å"Professor Kauru Ishikawa† in the 1960s for quality management. It’s also known as â€Å"fishbone diagrams† or â€Å"cause-and-effect diagrams†. We are using the same technique to identify risk on our project. Read More1.The Role Of The Project Manager On Construction Projects..1062 Words   |  5 Pages1.The role of the project manager on construction projects. Generally, as a project manager, he(or she) should be able to have thorough control of time, cost and quality of the project, and have the overall responsibility for the successful initiation, planning, design, execution, monitoring, controlling and closure of a project. The following are some specifications: 1) Leader of the team A project manager should form and lead a team which has the professionals and specialists, and enable them

Ignorance Does Not Discriminate Free Essays

â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge†: Ignorance Does Not Discriminate The short story â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge† by Flannery O’Connor describes how ignorance has no boundaries. The story of a young man named Julian and his prejudice mother living a time following the end of segregation. Julian despises his mother’s need to feel superior and pities her ignorance. We will write a custom essay sample on Ignorance Does Not Discriminate or any similar topic only for you Order Now Julian is conflicted by the fact that his mother will never change and toys with different ways to teach her a lesson and end her superiority complex. The story ends tragically with both Julian and his mother learning a very difficult lesson- that ignorance does not discriminate. Julian’s mother is trapped in a time when she feels superior to Negros because of her skin color, last name and family history. Julian struggles to make her understand that times have changed and she is no better than anyone else regardless of her history. In contrast, Julian’s mother attempts to elevate his worth by reminding him of the sacrifices she has made to enable him to have privileges such as nice teeth and a college education. These things should make Julian feel superior as well. The irony of this story is that despite the constant struggle to teach each other a lesson about equality, a stranger showed both Julian and his mother that they were both equally ignorant. When Julian’s mother is physically assaulted by a negro woman for a simple gesture, the lesson begins. Though meant to be kindness to a child, Julian’s mother was completely ignorant about how offensive the gesture was to the child’s mother. As Julian watched the event with satisfaction that his mother was finally being taught her lesson in equality, Julian unknowingly allowed a stranger’s ignorance to take his own mother in return for a lifetime of regret and guilt. The negro woman loses her temper and Julian’s mother loses her life. Because all three characters refuse to be patient and open minded with each other, no one wins. Julian and his mother lose the most. The negro woman and her child lose also. She lost the opportunity to show her child a better way to deal with ignorance. She also walked away with a bit more hate in her heart. Thus the ignorance will likely continue to be paid forward. How to cite Ignorance Does Not Discriminate, Papers

Case Study Of One-Peter Mitchell Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Case Study Of One-Peter Mitchell. Answer: Case Study One-Peter Mitchell Chronic health conditions are multifactorial in nature and the care process by nurse must involve the clinical and patient needs. The treatment outcomes are affected by multiple factors and the nurse must be aware of different factors affecting the patients health (Helgeson Zajdel, 2017). The essay deals with the case study of Peter Mitchell are a 52 year old male with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim of the essay is to prioritize the patient needs for care integrating the different aspects of patient needs. Prioritization refers to use of clinical reasoning and decision making skills to design care process that can avoid adverse outcomes (Urden, Stacy Lough, 2015). In reference to the chronic condition presented in the case study, the essay will identify and discuss two priorities of care while applying the clinical reasoning cycle by Levett-Jones. It is a non-linear process to analyse the series of contributing and predisposing factors. It helps develop goal driven pat ient care (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The clinical reasoning cycle involves eight stages, where the first stage is consideration of patients situation (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). In the given case study Peter, 52 year old male is admitted to the medical ward with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes. The patient is presented with the poorly controlled diabetes, obesity ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea. The second stage of the clinical reasoning cycle is collection of cues and information. In this stage the patients current information is reviewed using case history, previous assessment and new information is collected through further assessment (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The patient history shows obesity and type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnoea and depression. The patient also has history of gastro oeasophageal disease reflux and smoking (for 30 years). The patient was previously on high protein diet to reduce weight. Peter had difficulty coping with the weight loss. He was instructed for light e xercises by his physiotherapist. As per the patient social history, he lost his job due to insulin therapy. His weight gain, obesity and diabetes interfered with his occupations and that added to his fatigue and other health issues. Overweight is also interfering with his activities of daily living, and may have increased risk of apnoea. It added to socially isolation. He lives alone and lacks emotional support, which may also be the cause of stress and poor health. However, the patient is motivated to quit smoking and lose weight with appropriate supervision. The patients assessment results showed BP 180/92mmHg, height 170cms, Weight 145kgs, HR 102 Bpm, Sp02 95% on RA, RR 23 Bpm. The handover informs different medications for abnormal vital signs and diabetes. The untreated condition may increase the risk of cardiovascular problems and other comorbidities (Koolhaas et al., 2017). An important part of clinical reasoning cycle refers to processing of information. It involves interpreting the information, relating with the clinical knowledge to prioritize care (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). It will better help to prioritize the care. The weight and height of the patient indicates a BMI of 50.2, which much greater than the normal range of 30, indicating obesity (Mark Somers, 2016). Obesity is associated with ventilation syndrome and sleep apnoea. It may be the cause of upper airway obstruction that is causing the episodes of shallow breathing, when sleeping. Smoking also results in airway obstruction and apnoea (Krishnan et al., 2014). The patent may be immediately provided with oxygen. It may increase the risk of further health deterioration. Hypertension may be due to high blood pressure and increased heart rate. If untreated it may worsen diabetes as the patient is obese, which also influences blood pressure (Heymsfield Wadden, 2017). Increase in respira tory rate, blood pressure, high glucose level may increase the risk of heart failure or collapsibility of pharyngeal tract. Excess adipose tissue restricts the movement of diaphragm and that of chest muscles (Mark Somers, 2016). Altogether it may affect the inhalation, exhalation as well as heart rate. It is essential to reduce weight of the patient as fatty tissue in excess amount may increase vascular resistance. Diabetes also increases blood pressure and hypertension by predisposing arteries to arthrosclerosis. It may increase the risk of kidney failure, stroke and other health issues (Cheung Li, 2012). Social isolation and smoking may further increase the risk of anxiety and depression (Choi DiNitto, 2014). The main problem or health issue of the patient can be identified by synthesizing facts and inferences (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The main health issue of the patient, from the above analysis, is clearly obesity and diabetes as they are linked with all the other presenting sign and symptoms. The adverse symptoms such as hypertension, high blood glucose level, diaphoresis, or abnormal seating are common in obesity and uncontrolled diabetes. Obesity increases insulin production for compensating high glucose level. It increases the type 2 diabetes and sequentially appetite, weight gain. Diabetes is also associated with shakiness and diaphoresis. Unusual sweating or diaphoresis is common symptom in overweight and obese individual. Hypertension is also observed in both obesity and diabetes people but the later has greater influence on the hypertension (Heymsfield Wadden, 2017). Therefore, the signs and symptoms are common in both diseases like a cyclical pathway. Intervention is immediately required to decrease obesity and control diabetes. It will consequently improve his activities of daily living and social life. Applying clinical reasoning cycle, establishment of goals that will yield desired health outcomes in the patient is important part of care process (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The two priorities fornursing care is reduction in weight and control the blood glucose level. I will do this by developing comprehensivenursing care plan that is patient centered and evidenced based. Taking action based on evidence will ensure positive health outcomes as per clinical reasoning cycle (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). To fulfill the first priority of reducing the weight of Peter, a realistic weight reduction plan will be formulated, along with appetite reduction and diet plan. It will be initiated on collaboration with dietician. Peter will be given a weekly weight loss protocol. The diet plan will include high protein and low fat consumption. The patient will be monitored for ignoring the signals of hunger or track any distortion. The rational for this lifestyle intervention is decrease in hypertension and cholesterol with protein intake. A weight loss by ten kg may have positive impact on the cholesterol and blood pressure as per Nanditha et al., (2016). Further physical activity is essential for overweight individual. It will help reduce weight every month and enhance the metabolic rate. The patient may be recommended for aerobics as it puts lest pressure on jo ints. Swimming is also considered better than jogging and walking. Involving in physical activity for 30 minutes for five days in a week will help the body mange sugar level by improving sensitivity to insulin (Koolhaas et al., 2017). The patient will be supported with education to encourage him to lose weight. Peter will be educated about healthy diet and need of high protein consumption in present condition. To patient may be administered with the anti-obesity medication. Orlistat is another affective medicine for BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 in decreasing the absorption of dietary fat by 30%. It will help reduce weight and associated complications. It may include glycosidase inhibitors, metaformin or insulin therapy (Bedhiafi et al., 2018). The pharmacological interventions will be initiated by collaborating with the general physician attending Peter. To control the glucose level, which is the secondnursing priority metaformin may be continued as it was previously administered. Further blood pressure can be controlled by administering metaprolol (Yang et al., 2018). Medication will be administered as per the instructed dosage. Patient education is also important to self monitor glucose and for self-management of complications due to obesity and diabetes. The patient will be educated to cope up with the mental health concerns associated with weight loss program. The patient may be encouraged to stop smoking as it elevates blood sugar in diabetes patients. Referring to cognitive behavioural therapist may be effective to help Peter manage stress due to lifestyle interventions specially Smoking cessation. Further, the effect of smoking on his respiratory efficiency and Heart rate will be explained. It will relive him of fatigue (Lycett et al., 2015). The rationale for educational intervention is to encourage client in adopting healthy behaviour. The effectiveness of the outcomes must be evaluated as per the knowledge of clinical reasoning cycle (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). The patients weight will be monitored daily. It is important to assess his understanding of the illness and treatment procedure to ensure compliance. The patients vital signs will be assessd to rule of any side effects of medications and modified diet. The patient will be monitored for deviations in exercise, nutrition and diet recommendations. The client is expected to demonstrate reducing weight as per plan and healthy eating. The patient is expected to self monitor glucose and show high self esteem in coping with complications. It is also important to assess for hyperglycemia condition (American Diabetes Association, 2015). Reflection on the care process is the last stage of the clinical reasoning cycle that involves contemplating on the caring and learning process (Dalton, Gee Levett-Jones, 2015). It may be difficult for client to adhere to dietary recommendations in initial phase of treatment as he lacks emotional support. The patient also has low self esteem due to poor body image. To address the challenges I will engage client in motivational therapy and group discussions to promote social connectedness (Harvey, 2015). Further, challenges will be identified to prioritize future action. The essay helped learn ways to identify patient health issue and prioritize care for Peter using clinical reasoning cycle. Identification of health issues assisted in prioritizing care. The tool helped in collecting and analyzing the clinical information. Analysis facilitated the understanding of factors underlying the Peters healths complications. Prioritizing the care guided the development of adequate nursing interventions. The interventions to reduce weight and control glucose level in patient are based on evidence. It will help to address the priority issues and promote the patient health. References American Diabetes Association. (2015). 3. Initial evaluation and diabetes management planning.Diabetes Care,38(Supplement 1), S17-S19. Cheung, B. M., Li, C. (2012). Diabetes and hypertension: is there a common metabolic pathway?.Current atherosclerosis reports,14(2), 160-166. Choi, N. G., DiNitto, D. M. (2014). Role of new diagnosis, social isolation, and depression in older adults smoking cessation.The Gerontologist,55(5), 793-801. Dalton, L., Gee, T., Levett-Jones, T. (2015). Using clinical reasoning and simulation-based education to'flip'the Enrolled Nurse curriculum.Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The,33(2), 29. Harvey, J. N. (2015). Psychosocial interventions for the diabetic patient.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy,8, 29. Helgeson, V. S., Zajdel, M. (2017). Adjusting to chronic health conditions.Annual review of psychology,68, 545-571. Heymsfield, S. B., Wadden, T. A. (2017). Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and management of obesity.New England Journal of Medicine,376(3), 254-266. Koolhaas, C. M., Dhana, K., Schoufour, J. D., Ikram, M. A., Kavousi, M., Franco, O. H. (2017). Impact of physical activity on the association of overweight and obesity with cardiovascular disease: The Rotterdam Study.European journal of preventive cardiology,24(9), 934-941. Krishnan, V., Dixon-Williams, S., Thornton, J. D. (2014). Where there is smoke there is sleep apnea: exploring the relationship between smoking and sleep apnea.Chest,146(6), 1673-1680. Lycett, D., Nichols, L., Ryan, R., Farley, A., Roalfe, A., Mohammed, M. A., ... Aveyard, P. (2015). The association between smoking cessation and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a THIN database cohort study.The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology,3(6), 423-430. Mark, A. L., Somers, V. K. (2016). Obesity, hypoxemia, and hypertension: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Hypertension,68(1), 24-26. Nanditha, A., Snehalatha, C., Ram, J., Selvam, S., Vijaya, L., Shetty, S. A., ... Ramachandran, A. (2016). Impact of lifestyle intervention in primary prevention of Type 2 diabetes did not differ by baseline age and BMI among Asian?Indian people with impaired glucose tolerance.Diabetic Medicine,33(12), 1700-1704. Urden, L. D., Stacy, K. M., Lough, M. E. (2015).Priorities in critical care nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Yang, T., Hao, Y., Zhou, S., Jiang, Y., Xu, X., Qu, B., ... Liu, W. (2018). GW26-e0732 Superior Dynamic Heart Rate Control and Non-Inferior Blood Pressure Control with Bisoprolol vs Metoprolol Sustained Release Tablet in Mild-to-Moderate Hypertension: CREATIVE Study.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,66(16 Supplement), C202.

A Stage Model for Transitioning to Kam Essays

A Stage Model for Transitioning to Kam Essays A Stage Model for Transitioning to Kam Essay A Stage Model for Transitioning to Kam Essay A stage model for transitioning to KAM Iain A. Davies, University of Bath, UK* Lynette J. Ryals, Cran? eld School of Management, UK Abstract This paper investigates the under-researched area of key account management (KAM) implementation through a systematic review of the literature, syndications with a panel of industry exemplars, and a survey investigating how organisations implement KAM. Through this we identify a stage model that identifies not only how companies currently transition to KAM in practice, but also suggests how they could improve their chances of success in transitioning to KAM. We demonstrate the fundamental elements of a KAM programme and the extent to which companies feel KAM has met their pre-implementation expectations. Keywords Key Account Management, Strategic Account Management, Sales management, Industrial marketing, Implementation INTRODUCTION Key Account Management (KAM) has emerged, over the last 30 years, as one of the most significant trends in business-to-business marketing practice (Abratt and Kelly 2002; Homburg et al. 2002). It focuses on adding value to relationships and creating partnerships with a company’s most important and strategic customers (Ewart 1995; McDonald et al. 2000). The emergence of KAM has been driven in companies of all sizes by an increase in large, powerful, global, centralised purchasing customers becoming the norm across multiple industries; KAM provides our current best model for servicing these customers (McDonald et al. 997). Despite the rapid growth in the use of KAM by companies, research into the process of KAM implementation and how companies transition from traditional sales to KAM orientation has been scarce (Kempeners and Hart 1999; Napolitano *Correspondence details and biographies for the authors are located at the end of the article. JOURNAL OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT, 2009, Vol. 25, No. 9-10, pp. 1027-1048 ISSN0267-257X print /ISSN1472-1376 online  © Westburn Publishers Ltd. doi: 10. 1362/026725709X479354 1028 JMM Journal of Marketing Management, Volume 25 1997; Sengupta et al. 997; Wengler et al. 2006; Zupanic 2008). This is a gap that urgently needs to be filled. Without some agreement about which approaches to KAM implementation work (and which do not work, called for by Zupanic 2008), there is a danger that companies will continue to struggle or even fail to implement KAM appropriately (Homburg et al. 2002; Napolitano 1997). In this paper we use empirical evidence to develop a cross-industry stage model of how companies transition to KAM, including what elements of a KAM programme they implement through this process and the success this has led to. We identify the elements of KAM implementation programmes through an in-depth systematic review of the literature. Using a survey based on this input we investigate 204 companies with explicit, formal KAM programmes and build a model of the key principles important to KAM implementation over time. A syndicate of seven leading companies was also used in isolation of the results of the survey to add context and analytical input. The synergy between the two methods provides a robust and original contribution to both KAM practice and literature. KEY ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT The emergence of relationship marketing in the late 1980s led to a growing interest in getting and keeping customers through relationship management (e. g. Christopher, Payne and Ballantyne 1991; Gronroos 1994, 1997; Sheth and Parvatiyar 1995; Aijo 1996; Gummesson 1997). Relationship marketing was extended and developed during the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in business-to-business markets where formalised programme s of customer management have gained increasing importance including: national account management (Shapiro and Moriarty 1980, 1982, 1984a, 1984b; Stevenson 1980, 981; Tutton 1987; Wotruba 1996; Weilbacker and Weeks 1997; Dishman and Nitze 1998); major account management (Barrett 1986; Colletti and Tubridy 1987); and, more recently, to manage the most strategically important relationships of the business, KAM (Wilson 1993; Pardo, Salle and Spencer 1995; Millman and Wilson 1995, 1996, 1998; McDonald, Millman and Rogers 1997; Abratt and Kelly 2002; Homburg et al. 2002) or even Global Account Management (Yip and Madsen 1996; Millman 1996; Millman and Wilson 1999; Holt 2003). For ease of use we will continue to use the acronym KAM to refer to these related bodies of work. KAM is a systematic process for managing business-to-business relationships that are of strategic importance to a supplier (Millman and Wilson 1995). It first emerged as a response to the pressures placed upon supplier companies by globalisation, increasing customer power, procurement sophistication and the need to find new ways to work with the most important customers (Pardo 1997; Wengler et al. 2006). It involves the adoption of collaborative ways of working with customers rather than traditional transactional and adversarial relationships (McDonald Woodburn 2007). Therefore it represents a fundamental change in the way companies operate their sales and marketing functions, not leading to a tactical shift in operations, but a more broad ranging change management programme (Storbacka et al. 2009). Studies in the early 2000s found a substantial concentration of supplier business into a decreasing number of key accounts, and that the service demands of such key accounts were increasing (Gosman and Kelly 2000, 2002). The ability to extract better service levels and, possibly, lower prices from suppliers meant that the benefits Davies and Ryals A stage model for transitioning to KAM 1029 to the customer of being given preferential treatment are clear and indeed there is evidence that customers may demand or instigate KAM amongst their suppliers for such reasons (Brady 2004; Homburg et al. 2000; Wengler et al. 2006). Therefore close collaborative relationships with suppliers are thought to yield between 10% and 100% more value than less collaborative nes for the customer (Hughes Weiss 2007). The benefits of KAM to the suppliers are less clear-cut, since customers may try to â€Å"bargain away† benefits in the form of lower prices (Kalwani and Narayandas 1995) sometimes resulting in relationships with the largest customers becoming unprofitable for suppliers (e. g. Cooper and Kaplan 1991; Reinartz and Kumar 2002). Napolitano (1997) goes as far as to suggest that the majority KAM programmes a ppear ineffective as a result. This shows that the benefits to suppliers of KAM are not automatic and require careful management. Although evidence exists that long-term relationships with larger customers can pay off for suppliers through higher revenues and faster growth rates (Bolen and Davis 1997), even where power asymmetries are considerable (Narayandas and Rangan 2004), we still lack a clear generalisable view of how companies implement KAM, and the respective levels of success this achieves (Kempeners Hart 1999; Sengupta, Krapfel and Pusateri 1997; Wengler et al. 2006). We therefore explore this in our next section. IMPLEMENTING KEY ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT There is limited research on how KAM is implemented. A few scholars have attempted synthesis of the existing research to form frameworks and surveys for further research on KAM implementation (Homburg, et al. 2002; Wengler et al. 2006; Zupanic 2008) and a similar process has been undertaken for this paper. Table 1 (overleaf) represents a synthesis of the elements that the literature suggest firms implement as part of their formal KAM programmes. Broadly speaking, these elements represent the core components to most KAM implementations, with suppliers doing more or less of certain activities at different stages of the KAM programme’s life cycle. In Zupanic’s (2008) synthesis the elements of KAM are separated into the activities of the individuals within the organisation (Operational KAM) and those at the organisational level (Corporate KAM). Although a neat separation, the activities of the individual in a formal KAM program are likely to be driven from an organisational level decision and as such we have not separated these out in our analysis because we are interested in what the organisation is attempting to implement. Furthermore, we have not differentiated the elements of KAM based on the A-R-A model (Activities – Resources – Actors) as undertaken in the seminal work by Homburg et al. (2002), because we are interested in the elements of KAM that companies are implementing, rather than the artefacts or interested parties which result from implementation. This is a fundamental difference in how we look at KAM in this paper compared to both Homburg et al. (2002) and Zupanic (2008). We are investigating KAM as an ongoing transitioning process rather than the pre-existing, fully implemented programme assumed in these previous works. For instance, of the eight typologies which result from the Homburg, et al. (2002) synthesis and survey, only two types of KAM [1] Top management KAM and 4) Cross-functional dominant KAM] represent effective KAM programmes and there is little explanation of what these KAM programmes are like or how the organisations achieved them. 1030 JMM Journal of Marketing Management, Volume 25 TABLE 1 Elements of KAM implementation in the literature Elements of KAM Implementation Senior manager buy-in Papers Brady 2004; Homburg et al. 002; Montgomery et al. 1998; Napolitano 1997 Napolitano 1997; Workman et al. 2003; Yip and Madsen 1996 McDonald et al. 2000 Description Manger buy in is necessary for success Increased overall knowledge of KAM improves A pioneer often pushes KAM through the organisation Company wide knowledge of KAM A KAM Champion Active involvement of top management in KAM An organisational culture that supports KAM Napolitano 1997; Millman and Manger buy in and active Wilson 1999 ; Workman et al. involvement is necessary for 2003 success Homburg et al. 002; Millman and Wilson 1999; Pardo 1999; Workman et al. 2003 Culture is one of the three biggest influences on KAM implementation in MW and HWJ discuss espirit de corps Espirit de corps Everyone in the organisation understanding KAM Defined key account selection criteria Homburg et al. 2002; Brady 2004; Reisel et al. , 2005; Workman et al. , 2003; Yip and Madsen, 1996 Gosselin and Bauwen 2006; McDonald et al. 2000; Ojasalo 2001; Spencer 1999; Wong 1998 Gosselin and Bauwen 2006; McDonald et al. 2000; Ojasalo, 2001 Customer portfolio matrix Clearly identified key accounts Individual key account plans Identify those accounts that are growth attractive McDonald et al. 2000; Ojasalo, Each account should be 2001; Ryals and Rodgers, planned separately to ensure 2007 appropriate service Evaluation procedure in KAM is lacking Social exchanges such as KAM can provide competitive benefits Strategic relationship can lead to mutual investment Look at the lifetime value of customers Evaluation procedure in KAM is lacking Cont’d A well developed Napolitano 1997 feedback process with key customers Joint activities with key accounts Joint investment with key accounts A business case for KAM Targets for key accounts Koka and Prescott 2002; Workman et al. , 2003 Koka and Prescott 2002; Ojasalo, 2001 Reinartz and Kumar 2000, 2002 Napolitano 1997 Davies and Ryals A stage model for transitioning to KAM 1031 Elements of KAM Implementation Benchmarking against other organisations for KAM Measurement of the performance of the KAM programme Appointed Key Account Managers Fully trained Key Account Managers Papers Napolitano 1997 Description Evaluation procedure in KAM is lacking Evaluation procedure in KAM is lacking Skill sets for KAMs are different to those in sales Montgomery et al. 1998; Napolitano 1997; Ojasalo, 2001 McDonald et al. 1997; Weeks and Stevens 1997 McDonald et al. 1997; Ojasalo Skill sets for KAMs are different to those in sales 2001; Shetcliffe 2004; Weeks and Stevens 1997; Yip and Madsen 1996 Alonzo 1996; Guenzi and Pardo 2007; Arnett et al. 005 Clear move since the mid1990’s towards teams of sales and account managers Account managers are usually rewarded with higher salary and less bonus KAM organisations should be differently structured to Sales organisations formalised arrangements for accounts lead to improved co-ordination Key accounts are better served and therefore the managers need influence over gaining the necessary service levels Key account should get higher service levels Key account should get higher service levels KAM teams Specific motivation and Ryals and Rodgers 2006a; reward schemes for Weilbaker 1999 Key Account Managers Changes in organisational structure to accommodate KAM Coletti and Tubrity 1987; McDonald et al. 1997; Millman and Wilson 1996; Pardo 1999 Established policies Gosselin and Bauwen 2006; and procedures for McDonald et al. 2000; Senn handling key accounts 1999 Key Account Managers having good access to internal resources Ojasalo 2001, 2002; Workman et al. 003; Ryals and Humphries 2007 Differentiated and higher service levels for key accounts IT support for KAM Workman et al. 2003; Ivens and Pardo 2007 Brady 2004; Ojasalo 2001; Workman et al. 2003 The other six typologies [2) Middle management KAM; 3) Operating level KAM; 5) Unstructured KAM; 6) Isolated KAM; 7) Country Club KAM; 8) No KAM] represent either highly inefficient KAM (typologies 2, 3, 5 and 6) or are not a formal KAM programme (Typologies 7 and 8). This may be an artefact of the sampling method because only 9% of the respondents were actually Key Account Managers (Kams), but this still leaves us with little understanding of how companies could implement KAM better, or move from one of these inefficient models to a better performing, more robust model. Wengler et al. (2006) provide us with a detailed exploration of some of the 1032 JMM Journal of Marketing Management, Volume 25 rationales for companies implementing KAM, as well as a limited exploration of what the programmes can look like. Indeed Wengler et al. (2006) indicate this same tendency to view KAM implementation as a long transitioning process when they suggest â€Å"Implementing Key Account Management thus requires a lot of coordination effort and intensity (Moon and Gupta 1997) and often seems to be a long-lasting, laborious process† [p. 108]. They are also able to identify that companies are utilising customer prioritisation processes, changing the role of Kams in the organisation and defining different levels of responsibility for the KAM programme. However their low respondent numbers (only 49 respondent companies had actually implemented KAM) and limited exploration of the different elements of KAM still leave us with few generalisable indicators of how companies transition from sales-led to KAMled organisations. This considerable gap in the previous research is explored in this paper RESEARCH APPROACH AND METHOD To meet our exploratory research objective of understanding how companies transition to KAM we developed a 7-point Likert scale survey applicable across industries based on the literature summarised in Table 1. We specifically targeted companies with existing formal KAM programmes and sought information around three research questions: Why they implemented KAM; to what extent the elements of a KAM programme were implemented; and, how successful their KAM programme had been. The aim was to gain broad insight across multiple industries. For a field of research in its third decade it is surprising that the KAM literature has still produced few generalisable empirical insights. The majority of the extant literature is conceptual (Cheverton 2008; Ojasalo 2001, 2002; Pardo et al. 2006; Piercy and Lane 2006a+b; Ryals and Holt, 2007 etc. ), with the majority of empirical work preferring case studies (Helander and Moller 2008; Natti et al. 2006; Rogers and Ryals 2007; Ryals and Humphries 2007; Spencer 1999) or interviews (McDonald, Millman and Rogers 1997; Pardo 1997; Zupancic 2008), which, although useful for building rich context and new insights, offer little in the way of generalisability. Much of the existing quantitative research, as summarised in Table 2, suffers in terms of generality due to small sample sizes (most too small to use with ANOVA, MANOVA, SEM or LCM packages effectively without data augmentation through bootstrapping), and surprisingly few studies actually investigate key account managers (Kams), preferring to focus on customers or colleagues to gain insights. Both of these could be explained through the difficulty in identifying Kams within organisations because: they rarely have KAM in their title, are few in number compared to their sales or marketing equivalents, and are sometime not well known within their own organisation as distinct from either of these two groups. Problems of this sort affected earlier pilots of this study and to overcome this we targeted Kams specifically through executive education programmes, as did Guenzi et al. (2007, 2009), McDonald et al. 1997), Montgomery et al. (1998), Ryals and Rogers (2007) and Wengler et al. (2006). The survey sample comprised attendees at a series of KAM-specific executive educational programmes, making it a highly purposive sampling method. To gain a large enough sample size the data took 3 years to collect; analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests between the years of collection suggested no significant differences Davies and Ryals A stage model for transitioning to KAM 1033 TABLE 2 Summar y of quantitative studies in KAM Authors Guenzi, Georges Pardo Ivens Pardo Ivens Pardo Ryals Rogers Guenzi, Pardo Georges Gosselin Bauwen Wengler, Ehret Saab Reisel, Chia, Maloles Arnett, Macy Wilcox Homburg, Workman Jr. , Jensen Georges, Laurent; Eggert, Andreas Workman, Homburg Jensen Abratt Kelly Homburg, Workman Jr. , Jensen Montgomery, Yip Villalonga Sengupta Krapfel Sharma Year Survey’s target Sample Size 127 297 297 37 127 115 91** 353 60 385 102 385 190 385 191 176 109 % of Which KAMs 100% 0% 0% 43% 100% 100%* 1 8. % 0% 50% 9%†  0% 9%†  48% 9%†  0%†¡ 100% 0% 2009 KAMs 2008 Purchasers 2007 Purchasers 2007 International companies + customers 2007 KAMs 2006 Account Managers 2006 Sales Engineers 2005 Operations 2005 Selling teams 2002 Head of Sales Organisation 2003 Purchasers 2003 Head of Sales Organisation 2002 KAMs and Customers 2000 Head of Sales Organisation 1998 Senior International Execs. 1997 NAMA members 1997 Purchasers 100% is assumed as the actual figures are unreported, the evidence shown elsewhere however may suggest this assumption is in error ** Only 54% actually had a KAM programme †  49% of the sample were Sales and Marketing VPs indicating a responsibility for KAM, however 171 (45% of the sample) had no formalised KAM Programme according to the results of the Homburg et al. , 2000 paper. †¡ GAM survey with only 136 reported using GAM between collection years. Over the 3 years a total of 286 delegates attended these events and 212 surveys were returned, eight of these indicated they did not yet have a formal KAM programme leaving 204 usable surveys (71. 3% response rate). Surveys were handed out before the commencement of the course to be completed during registration and collected as the course began, to minimise the impact of the course on the responses (Table 3, overleaf, shows descriptive statistics for the respondents). 1034 JMM Journal of Marketing Management, Volume 25 TABLE 3 Descriptive statistics on respondents Number Region of companies UK North America Northern Europe Southern Europe Middle East and North Africa Australasia Industry Service Professional Financial Service Industrial Complex Manufacture Manufacture Unknown Years in Sales/KAM 1-5yrs 6-10yrs 10-15yrs 15-20yrs 20-25yrs 25-30yrs Years of KAM Programme 6 48 48 41 49 18 204 49 63 40 36 12 4 204 77 46 53 28 204 113 22 38 18 9 4 204 DATA TESTING AND ANALYSIS A second method was used to add greater depth and clarity to our definitions and understanding of transitioning to KAM through a year-long syndication with senior representative of seven mixed-industry companies with a strong track record of KAM (although not identified in this research for reasons of commercial sensitivity, some of these companies have previously been used as exemplars in other scholars work, including Yip and Bink 2007; Ryals and McDonald 2008 and Eccles et al. 2009). All were companies with established KAM programmes and they cooperated with the principle aim of identifying a process for implementing KAM that could be transferable across industries. They provided a 5-phase model of implementation running through Scoping KAM (Yr 1), Introducing KAM (Yr 2), Embedding KAM Davies and Ryals A stage model for transitioning to KAM 1035 (Yrs 2-4), Optimising KAM (Yrs 4-6), and Best Practice / Continuous Improvement (Yrs 6 and over). They were adamant that, across all their industries, it takes at least this long to have a properly-established KAM rogramme and that, especially in the later years, re-engineering KAM was always needed. They did however admit that the Scoping KAM period is a theoretical â€Å"ought to happen† stage as, in reality, it happens in parallel with, or even after, implementation. We therefore merge Scoping and Introducing KAM phases and show them as one initial 2 year Introducing KAM phase. These insights were used to segmen t data for analysis purposes and provide structure for demonstrating the process of transitioning to KAM. Analysis was conducted using mean comparison tests to identify differences between groups within the data. ANOVA assumes normality of data, which rarely occurs with Likert scales. Kolmogorow-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests demonstrated that 18 of the 25 elements of KAM distributions were probably not normal, mostly cause by -/+ kurtosis. However, visual inspection of the Normal QQ diagrams suggest that 20 of the elements appeared evenly distributed and 16 of the items passed the Levene test, again suggesting fairly even distribution. Bearing all these in mind we conducted and compared both Kruskal-Wallis H nonparametric and Games-Howell Post-Hoc ANOVAs as they both have reduced distribution assumptions. We found almost unilateral agreement between the two tests so report the more powerful and more easily interpreted Games-Howell Post-Hoc ANOVA. RESULTS The first important result from the data was the lack of significant differences based on industry. We found the only major area of difference amongst the four industry groups was in relation to how successful the respondents thought their companies were at KAM, with the professional and financial services companies rating themselves significantly higher and manufacturers significantly lower than the other groups. This suggests that at least the elements of KAM are similar across industries. The main area of difference however emerged when we segmented the data based on the timescales suggested by our transitioning syndicate, breaking the data into four groups based on the age of their programme (Table 4 shows the Games-Howell results for the elements of the KAM programme and Table 5 shows the success measures). We discovered that, as the syndicate had indicated, there was a general progression of gearing up and implementing, rejuvenating and expanding the KAM programme which provide a statistically significant ifference between groups in the different stages of transitioning to KAM. On the vast majority of scales the companies were implementing elements of KAM at a noticeably increasing rate over the life span of the programme. This indicates that, firstly, the programme takes many years to put in place and, secondly, that there is a progression through the different elements the organisation focuses on in each stage. Figure 1 synthesises what the syndicate said and what the data represent about the transition to KAM. Figure 1 (overleaf) shows KAM to be relatively slow to take off when introduced but then builds up rapidly during the Embedding and Optimising stage before slowing into a process of Continual Improvement. We also see this pattern replicated in Table 4 (overleaf) where the extent to which companies are implementing different elements of KAM is limited all the way up to the end of year two, but then begins to rise rapidly, before slowing after six years. The best example of this is Senior manager 1036 JMM Journal of Marketing Management, Volume 25 FIGURE 1 Transitioning to KAM summary High Revise program to new knowledge Restructure org. and processes Involve top Mgt. Redefine program Become customer centric Rejuvenate program Become more selective Expand knowledge in org. Continuous Improvement Capability Gear up Locate Champion Build the case Appoint KAMs Define KA’s Introducing KAM 1 2 Embedding KAM 3 4 Time (yrs) 5 6†¦ Train specialist KAMs Indiv customer plans . Targets and Measurement Optimising KAM Low buy-in (4th from bottom) where the average extent of buy-in within Introducing KAM companies is relatively low, before a significant (at the

The architecture of the building was made by Frank Essays

The architecture of the building was made by Frank Essays The architecture of the building was made by Frank Lloyd. It was formed as the Davenport Municipal Art Gallery in 1925, with the passage of a law allowing the city to accept a gift of 330 artworks from a former mayor Charles A. Ficke, and open a museum. It was renamed the Davenport Museum in 1987. It continued to be a city-run museum until the opening of its new building in 2005, which was named in honor of a gift from the V.O. and Elizabeth Kahl Figge Foundation. Mr. Ficke's original collection of European American and Spanish Viceregal art has grown through the efforts of generations of philanthropists and civ ic leaders and now includes the Grant Wood Archive and works by other American Regionalists artists, and extensive collection of European, contemporary works. The Figge has quite a bit of work in its permanent collection even though a lot of it is not on display. A lot of it is in Storage which is in the basement. They not only store and show art but they also restore the pieces to the best of their abilities. The Figge Art Museum's permanent holdings include many nationally and internationally known objects and bear witness to more than seven decades of philanthropy and civic pride. The collections, organized in seven areas, offer a distinctive look at regional, national and international at from the 15 th century to the present. The different collections consist of The American Collection, The Midwest Regionalist Collection , The Mexican Colonial C ollection, and The Haitian Collection. The American Collection includes works from the Colonial period to 1945, with particular strengths in the 19 th century landscape traditions of the Hudson River School artists Asher B. Durand, John Kensett, Albert Bierstadt and others. C.A. Ficke's original gifts in this area have been enhanced by a number of generous donations including in the Wheatfield, by Winslow Homer, and In Gentle Slumber, by George Eastman. The Midwest Regionalist Collection focuses on the works of Grant Wood, Thomas Hart Benton, John Steuart Curry and other Midwestern artists who defined this style in the 1930s and 1940s. The Figge's Midwest Regionalist Collection boasts the only painted self-portrait of Grant Wood, whose enigmatic portrait of Midwesterners, American Gothic, is perhaps the most Recognized painting in American art. A full-color catalogue featuring work of Grant Wood. The Mexican Colonial Collection documents the growth of paintings in New Spain in the 17 th and 18 th centuries out of the traditions of European religious paintings of the same period. Many of the DMA's holdings in this area are part of the original museum gift from C.A. Ficke and are perhaps the most distinguished in the country. The Haitian Collection documents the flowering of a rich artistic tradition within the island nation of Haiti since the 1940s. In 1967, the Davenport Museum of Art established on of the first collections of Haitian art in the United States. Donations made by Dr. Walter E Neiswanger, a long-time museum patron and trustee, form the majority of th4e comprehensive collection which ranges from the first generation to the most recent developments. One piece of art at the figge that I liked a lot was one from the Midwest regionalist collection. The piece is m ade by Thomas Hart Benton, and is called Spring Storm. The composition of the painting presented many of the juxtapositions, which are things that are brought together or side to side that contrast each other. This is what Thomas Hart Benton favored. It allowed him to depic nature sculpturally, using his favorite formal principle of the "bulge and hollow," rhythmically distorting structures to achieve a serpentine line, the line favored by 16 th -century Mannerist painters. The lines draw our attention to the center of the composition, to the bolt of lightning that had startled the horse. It is not painted on the surface, but carved into it, through paint, down to the composition board beneath. If you cover one halve of the painting then it looks like its peaceful but if you do it to the side that is light then it looks like it's dark and stor my outside. The offer of Education was another piece

Employment law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Employment law - Essay Example The justification will generally be under exceptional circumstances which not all organisations can meet when challenged at the Employment Tribunal. Such a justification will be found in posts for which the employer already has a retirement of age far below 65 due to nature of the jobs such as emergency services requiring a certain level of physical fitness or those requiring high level mental fitness such as air traffic controllers. Justifications can also be found in areas where Default Retirement Age (DRA) does not apply such as partners in a law firm. As DRA has been scrapped, employers must ensure that management of their employees’ performance is not discriminatory and not inconsistent to avoid possible litigation from the disgruntled employees who may be discriminated against on the grounds of age. Employer should apply non-discriminatory and consistent policies across the organisation. Employer should ensure that the managers are updated with latest procedures and trai ned in handling employees’ performance. Employers should conduct regular meetings or discussions with their employees regardless of their age for their performance review, know their expectations and future plans within the organisation. It is not discriminatory if all the employees are taken into confidence regarding their future plans without singling out the older workers. The meetings or discussions should be held with transparency and honesty. No discriminatory questions should be posed which would imply that an older worker is ready for retirement. The appraisal process is the ideal time for such discussions. It does not mean employers have to treat all the employees in exactly the same manner but should make sure there is consistency and fairness. In case of underperformance of an employee, employer must identify the cause. Neglecting on the poor performance by older workers can also be categorized as a discriminatory act of the employer by other employees. Employer sh ould avoid assuming that older workers are associated with underperformance. All cases of underperformance should therefore be dealt with promptly through right and fair procedures and any resultant dismissals should only be on the basis of capability. Employers must also make sure that they comply with Equality Act when dealing with older employees who might have acquired disabilities in their old age and therefore not discriminated against (Thompson, 2011). The instant case relates to the grievance of Albert 64, an employee on the verge of retirement that he is being forced to retire under the pretext of poor performance. With more than twenty years of service, he started declining in performance of late only after his wife fell sick resulting in additional responsibilities for him at home. Although he wanted to work at home one day a week, his request was declined as his manger Chris did not want to set a precedent in finance department where Albert worked although a female emplo yee of the administration department had been permitted to work at home one day a week. While at first, Albert’s poor performance was being discussed with him personally at regular meeting, later he was being called in for specific purpose of discussing his poor performance only with which he felt uncomfortable and was convinced that the management’s aim was to terminate his service on capability grounds. At first glance it appears that Albert’

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

Analysis - Essay Example Also, rewards rupture relationships at the workplace because employees because it creates a competitive and hostile environment, which leads to poor connections between employees. Another explanation can be that rewards ignore reasons behind the success of the company. Maybe increase in company’s profitability, or growth in sales is not necessarily related the incentive program for employees. Also, rewards cause a risk-aversion because employees would try to do only what they are required and would not look to improve their work or to find new solutions to problem that appear. Finally, rewards undermine interest which means that people who want to work will do that without any incentive. The article overviewed the relationship between incentives and performance, and the reasons for which payments does not lead to a better work. I agree with this final conclusion, because incentives for managers (e.g. stock options) have lead in some cases to a lower long-term performance for companies because they were interested only on the short performance in order to exercise the options, and not on the long perspective of the value of the company. Successful implementation of management’s innovations must follow some principles. The first one is related to organizational culture, which means that the values and customs of the specific company could lead to a better or lower implementation due to the reaction to changes. The second principle connects innovations with corporate, divisional and plant strategies. Another principle pays attention to the current state of the company; if a company is suffering structural changes, innovations may not be appropriate. Also, it is considered that a link between human and technical side of change is necessary. Moreover, it is vital to train and educate the employees in order to face the changes of the organization. The final principle relates to indicators of performance. When implementing innovation,

Marketing Strategy for Next Generation Gym, UK Essay

Marketing Strategy for Next Generation Gym, UK - Essay Example It is a combination of all these factors that lead young people and professionals to join gyms and sports facilities all over the world, and the UK is no exception. In fact the trend for a healthier and happier lifestyle is catching on here. Being in good shape and eating a healthy diet not only help get us noticed and appreciated more at the office and on the street, but also make us irresistible to the opposite sex (Adcock et al, 2001, 17). Most of all, it makes us happy. This paper will look at the comparatively new concept of pay as you go gyms in the UK, with particular reference to Next Generation Club Gyms, a business registered in Hertfordshire, UK. It also has a branch in Swindon. Pay As You Go, a New Concept in the Sports Industry In fact, Next Generation Club Gyms have been the subject of quite rapt attention by sport enthusiasts and marketers alike, since it has introduced the concept of pay as you go in the UK. Similar in concept to schemes for mobile phones, this new in novation has made it easier for people who would like to get into shape or practice some sort of sport activity not on a regular but on an infrequent basis, when they get the time. Of course, it is always better to follow a regular schedule when you can but many of us have varying responsibilities at different times of the day, week or month which does not give us the opportunity to live a really scheduled life. For example, a salesman who has to travel to customers for offers and closing deals can hardly know in advance where he will be at a certain time of the day or how long the next sales call will take. One can similarly get stuck with a last minute assignment at the office, or have to stay an extra shift because somebody is ill or cannot make it. For these individuals, pay as you go certainly makes sense (Perner, Pricing, 2011). When you come to think of it, pay as you go also makes sense for lazy individuals who are not self determined enough to follow a regular schedule. So the idea certainly has merit for most of us. Pay as you go is not only cheaper; you can book a time slot in advance and ensure availability of facilities and equipment that lets you exercise, swim or play tennis at ease and without waiting in line for people to clear out before you get a chance. The concept caught on in the USA some time ago but has only been recently introduced in the UK (Garvin, 1988, 20). Available Facilities and Activities Presently the activities available at Next Generation Gym Club in Swindon are swimming, exercise, racquets and relaxing opportunities. Swimming allows you to relax after a hard day’s work, play casually in the pool or if you are more competitive, even learn some new strokes and increase your lap speed. There are swimming lessons for kids and grownups as well, including aqua aerobics for anyone who is interested. Training for body strength and flexibility include Body Blast, Body Pump, Body Pump Express, Pilates, Spin, Yoga and Boxercise , all scheduled at different times. A monthly schedule is drawn up in advance. Facilities for NG Kids include rugby, basketball, soft play activities, make and create, karate, teen gym street dance academy and booking for parties. There are also squash, tennis and badminton facilities with professional coaching available. The cafe and

Physical Evidence Is The Element Of The Service

Physical Evidence Is The Element Of The Service The Marketing Mix model can be used by Able journeys as a tool to aid in defining the marketing strategy. Marketing manager use this method to try and produce the best possible response in the target market by blending many uneven in the best way. It is important to understand that the Marketing Mix principles are controllable variables. The Marketing Mix can be adjusted on a common basis to meet the altering needs of the target group the other actives of the marketing environment. The 7-Ps or extensive Marketing Mix of Booms Bitner is a Marketing Strategy tool that increases the number of expedient variable from the 4 in the original Marketing Mix Model to 7. The usual Marketing Mix model was mainly bound for useful for tangible goodss. The 7-Ps model is more helpful for services industries debatably also for knowledge-intensive surroundings. The standard variables used in constructing a marketing mix are price, promotion, goods place. The service marketing mix comprises off the 7ps. These include: Goods Price Place Promotion People Process Physical evidence. Product In the past, the thoughts were, a good goods will sell by its own. Nonetheless there are no dire goods any longer in todays extremely competitive souk. In addition, there are numerous laws giving consumers the right to send back goods that he perceives as bad. Consequently, today the org. defines the uniqueness of its goods or service that congregates the needs of their consumers. Essentially a good is a substantial object or an insubstantial service which is produced heavily or manufactured on a large scale with a exact volume of components, Intangible goods are frequent service support like the tourism trade the hotel trade. Usual case of a mass produced substantial object is the disposable razor. A less obvious but ubiquitous mass produced service is a computer operating system. 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Some of the recent major changes in business have come about by changing Place. Think of the Internet mobile telephones. (How) are the chosen target groups informed or educated about the org. its goodss? This includes all the weapons in the marketing armory advertising, selling, sales. It includes:- Locations; Logistics; Channel members; Channel Motivation; Market Coverage; Service Levels; Internet; Mobile. Promotion Promotion represents all of the communications that a marketer may use in the marketplace. Promotion has four distinct elements advertising, public relations, word of mouth point of sale. A certain amount of crossover occurs when promotion uses the four principal elements together, which is common in film promotion. While the other three Ps have lost much of their meanings in todays markets, Promotion has become the most important P to focus on. It includes: Advertising; Public Relations; Direct Sales; Sales; Media; Budget. People All people that are directly or indirectly involved in the consumption of a service are an important part of the Extended Marketing Mix. Knowledge workers, employees, management consumers often add significant value to the total goods or service offering. An essential ingredient to any service provision is the use of appropriate staff people. Recruiting the right staff training them appropriately in the delivery of their service is essential if the org. wants to obtain a form of competitive advantage. Consumers make judgments deliver perceptions of the service based on the employees they interact with. Staff should have the appropriate interpersonal skills, aptitude, service knowledge to provide the service that consumers are paying for. Many British org.s aim to apply for the Investors. In People accreditation, which tells consumers that staff are taken care off by the company they are trained to certain stards. Process Procedure, mechanisms flow of activities by which services are consumed (consumer management processes) are an essential element of the marketing strategy. Processes are basically systems used to assist the org. in delivering the service. Imagine one walk into Burger King orders a Whopper Meal gets it delivered within 2 minutes. What was the process that allowed him to obtain an efficient service delivery? Banks that send out Credit Cards automatically when their consumers old one has expired again require an efficient process to identify expiry dates renewal. An efficient service that replaces old credit cards will foster consumer loyalty confidence in the company. Physical Evidence The ability environment in which the service is delivered. Both tangible goods that help to communicate perform the service, the intangible experience of existing consumers the ability of the business to relay that consumer satisfaction to potential consumers. Physical Evidence is the element of the service mix which allows the consumer again to make judgments on the org.. If one walks into a restaurant his expectations are of a clean, friendly environment. On an aircraft if one travels first class he expects enough room to be able to lie down! Physical evidence is an essential ingredient of the service mix; consumers will make perceptions based on their sight of the service provision which will have an impact on the org.s perceptual plan of the service. The first two more Ps are explicit (People, Process) the third one (Physical Evidence) is an implicit factor. Broadly defined, optimizing the marketing mix is the primary responsibility of marketing. By offering the goods with the right combination of the seven Ps marketers can improve their results marketing effectiveness. Making small changes in the marketing mix is typically considered to be a tactical change. Making large changes in any of the seven Ps can be considered strategic. The term Marketing Mix however, does not imply that the 7P elements represent options. They are not trade-offs but are fundamental marketing issues that always need to be addressed. They are the fundamental actions that marketing requires whether determined explicitly or by default.

societhf Rejection of Civilization in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Rejection of Civilization in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In the novel Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Huck decides to reject civilization. At the end of the story Aunt Sally wants to civilize him, but he refuses. He says "I reckon I got to light out for the territory ahead of the rest, because Aunt Sally, she's going to adopt me civilize me, and I can't stand it. I've been there before." Huck decides to choose against society because of all the harsh realities that he has seen first hand. Huck's early doubts of the civilized world all started with Pap. During most of his childhood, Huck had been abused both physically and mentally by his redneck guardian Pap. This man had walked into and out of Huck's life on numerous occasions. He was the only father figure in Huck's life and failed miserably at the job. Pap was the first representation of civilization to Huck and it was a sour one. It was also civilization that awarded custody of Huck to Pap. He had been screwed over too many times by the civilized world, and that was the main reason he decided to leave home. Huck ran from his troubles at home down the Mississippi River. The river is where he found his sanctuary. Jim and Huck were always safe, independent, and free out on the raft. It seemed that every time they would go to shore, something negative involving civilization would arise. The dark side of human nature and suffering would meet up with the two of them. They always stumbled upon the under-belly of society. The symbol of human suffering was the Grangerfords family. When Huck found himself in front of their farm after the ship wreck, his first impression was a positive one. He thought that the Grangerfords were a pleasant, normal family. However the dark secrets that existed within the family could make skin crawl. The paintings and writings made by Emmeline Grangerford, who died when she was fourteen, are of rather morbid subjects. She was a messed up child that came from a bizarre, disturbed family. They had a feudal war going with another family where constant deaths and suffering took place. Just before Huck leaves, his age equivalent and societhf Rejection of Civilization in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays Rejection of Civilization in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In the novel Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Huck decides to reject civilization. At the end of the story Aunt Sally wants to civilize him, but he refuses. He says "I reckon I got to light out for the territory ahead of the rest, because Aunt Sally, she's going to adopt me civilize me, and I can't stand it. I've been there before." Huck decides to choose against society because of all the harsh realities that he has seen first hand. Huck's early doubts of the civilized world all started with Pap. During most of his childhood, Huck had been abused both physically and mentally by his redneck guardian Pap. This man had walked into and out of Huck's life on numerous occasions. He was the only father figure in Huck's life and failed miserably at the job. Pap was the first representation of civilization to Huck and it was a sour one. It was also civilization that awarded custody of Huck to Pap. He had been screwed over too many times by the civilized world, and that was the main reason he decided to leave home. Huck ran from his troubles at home down the Mississippi River. The river is where he found his sanctuary. Jim and Huck were always safe, independent, and free out on the raft. It seemed that every time they would go to shore, something negative involving civilization would arise. The dark side of human nature and suffering would meet up with the two of them. They always stumbled upon the under-belly of society. The symbol of human suffering was the Grangerfords family. When Huck found himself in front of their farm after the ship wreck, his first impression was a positive one. He thought that the Grangerfords were a pleasant, normal family. However the dark secrets that existed within the family could make skin crawl. The paintings and writings made by Emmeline Grangerford, who died when she was fourteen, are of rather morbid subjects. She was a messed up child that came from a bizarre, disturbed family. They had a feudal war going with another family where constant deaths and suffering took place. Just before Huck leaves, his age equivalent and

Mario’s family Essay

Mario’s family happens to be in the lower bracket of society. As Mario got home one night, Gloria, his wife, asked for money, which they needed to feed their daughter. Mario told her that he doesn’t have money. Gloria didn’t believe him, and asked him to tell the truth. Mario told his wife the truth – he was fired from his job. The reason is because of an apple. He stole an apple for his daughter because he thought that she would like it – this part shows his love for his daughter. He left with Pablo, his old crime buddy, even if Gloria pleaded very hard for him not to go with the man. Another summary of The World Is An Apple When Mario got home. Gloria saw Mario and she was asking for some money to feed there children to Mario. Mario said that he have no money because he did something. Gloria didn’t believe on what Mario said and said to tell the truth. When Mario answered it, Gloria was shocked on what she heard because Mario lost his job. Gloria asked Mario if how he lost his job and Mario answered it and Gloria was shocked again because Mario said that he lost his job because of an apple. Gloria said that how can he loose his job by just taking one not a dozen not a crate but one apple and Mario answered that he just saw it rolling and he found himself putting it in his bag because Tita would love to have it, and Mario told Gloria that there’s no need to worry because he found a new job. Suddenly Pablo was there ruining the whole conversation and asked them if how is there daughter doing and he’ll loan a few pesos to help there daughter and Gloria said that no thank you because Mario stopped depending on Pablo. Pablo said that Mario’s new job was with Pablo and when Gloria heard it he told Mario that it’s a bad doing and risky. But Mario didn’t listen and walks away with Pablo and told Gloria not to worry because he will come back early morning and don’t wait for him. Gloria cries and shouting Mario, while Tita was crying also because he heard the conversation.

Examining Of The Book Of Joshua Religion Essays

Examining Of The Book Of Joshua Religion Essays Examining Of The Book Of Joshua Religion Essay Examining Of The Book Of Joshua Religion Essay The Book of Joshua was likely written between 1400 and 1370 B.C. It begins after the decease of Moses. Joshua is called upon by God to take the Israelites across the Jordan River and to settle down in the Promised Land. God says that in any military run, the Israelites will win every bit long as they obey his Torahs. Subsequently, Josh send in two undercover agents into the metropolis of Jericho to look into the district. When the undercover agents are known of their presence in Jericho, a cocotte named Rahab tells them that the metropolis is afraid of the Israelites success. She seeks safety by seting her religion in God, and tells them that the metropolis is in a diminished status. After happening this out, Joshua makes the Israelites cross the river, which was led by priests transporting the Ark of the Covenant. As they enter the H2O, the H2O prohibitionists and allows the people to traverse on dry land. When they approach Jericho, Joshua encounters a cryptic adult male, who says that he commands Gods ground forces, but that he is impersonal to both sides. Joshua acknowledges the adult male, but pays no attending to his commitment. God tells Joshua that Joshua must take the Israelites around the metropolis for six yearss with the Ark, and that on the 7th twenty-four hours, they will process around the metropolis seven times and the walls will be broken down. Joshua rallies all of the Israelites and tells them to kill everyone except for Rahab. They besides will non plunder any spiritual points, but alternatively fire them as court to god. After this happens, Joshua becomes a major figure across the lands, but in their following struggle in the metropolis of Ai, God does non assist the Israelites win, and are defeated. Joshua asks why, and says that Achan stole spiritual points from Jericho. After Achan is stoned with his household beside him, the following effort against Ai is successful, and the Israelites celebrate by doing an communion table to God. While the Israelites had great success, the people of Gibeon were afraid of them and sent in some undercover agents of their ain, claiming to be travellers of the land. Joshua makes a treaty rapidly without any determination from God and subsequently discovers that they Gibeonites are indigens of the land to be conquered. So the Hebrewss do non assail the metropolis, but five other male monarchs that are local, assail the metropolis of Gibeon. The Israelites come to the assistance of Gibeon and destruct the five male monarch s ground forcess. Joshua helps the combat by commanding God to halt the Sun in the sky during the battle, God obeys and the Hebrewss are successful. This is the lone clip in history of all time told that God of all time obeys a human. The Israelites continue to suppress the lower and southern metropoliss of Canaan, killing all of the people of the lands as God asked. However, much of the land remains to be taken over, the people of Israel Begin to settle down in the land, spliting it among their ain 12 folks. After many old ages of peace for Israel, the deceasing Joshua makes a farewell dictum, and tells the Hebrewss to be strong and obey all of God s Torahs. They must non hold any graven images and non get married with any of the indigens of the lands. The people assure Joshua that they will obey, nevertheless Joshua reluctantly accepts the people s word and is worried that they will non listen to him, cognizing that the obeisance will be rather hard to maintain. Fictional characters in the Book of Joshua and their Importance Some of the cardinal characters in the Book of Joshua are Joshua himself, A Rahab, Achan, Eleazar, and Phinehas. Joshua, being the character of the book becomes the leader of the Israelite folks after the decease of Moses. His name was Hoshea, but Moses decided to name him by Joshua. Joshua was one of the 12 undercover agents that were sent by Moses to research the land of Canaan, and after Moses died, he was the leader that took the Israelites into Canaan to suppress the land. It s said that Joshua lived between 1450-1370 BC which was someplace in the late Bronze Age, and harmonizing to Joshua 24:29, he dies at the age of 110. Rahab Another one of the most of import characters in the Book of Joshua is a cocotte named Rahab. Rahab ran a little in that was built into the outside wall of the metropolis of Jericho. The metropolis itself really had 2 walls for the excess munitions. Rahab foremost is cited in the book when the two undercover agents sent by Joshua and the Israelites halt at Rahab s hostel and are be aftering to get away from the metropolis, since the male monarch of Jericho someway found out that the undercover agents were at the hostel and sent his work forces to travel catch them. Meanwhile, the Hebrewss are camped across the Jordan River, to the cognition of the male monarch and his people. The word spread throughout the metropolis that God was on the Israelites side. Rahab had heard that of this was certain that the metropolis would be defeated by the Israelites. Rehab hid the two undercover agents in the top of her hostel and told the male monarchs work forces when they arrived that the work forces had already left before dark. After the male monarchs work forces had left, the undercover agents came down and told Rahab that they would save her life when they conquered the metropolis. All she would hold to make is hang a ruddy cord outside her window so that all in her hostel would be spared. Something interesting that can be found out from reading the Book of Matthew is that in chapter one you find out that Rahab married a adult male called Salmon. He was the great-great gramps of King David ( who killed Goliath ) . 26 Generations subsequently, Mary, Jesus female parent, was married to Joseph, who came from David s lineage. However, when the reader finds this out, it means that Rahab is really Jesus grandma of many coevalss ago, a fact I personally find interesting. Achan Another of import character in Joshua is Achan. He is the Israelite who disobeyed God by taking spiritual ownerships in the conquering of Jericho, while God commanded that any ownerships would non be taken, or they will be burned in his Name. Archan was judged faster than the Israelites were in the 40 old ages of rolling the desert, looking for the Promised Land. The premise is since he knew that taking ownerships was against God s will, God was able to penalize him faster. Archan s noncompliance caused the Israelites first conflict against the metropolis of Ai to be unsuccessful. Thirty-six Israelites were killed, and they were inquiring why God had non helped them achieve triumph. Subsequently on Joshua finds out that Achan had taken spiritual belongings and wants Joshua and the Israelites to lapidate him and his household to decease. Disobedience itself is a wickedness and disobeying God is one of the worst things that one of his ain kids can make. Achan did non hold to be killed, since he could hold repented, but even when he was confronted by Joshua, he did non atone. Therefore, he was stoned to decease. Eleazar Eleazar was the Levite priest that took over the topographic point of his male parent, Aaron when he died. He created the plating of the communion table out of the fire pans of Korah s assembly and performed the rite of the ruddy heifer. He had the following of import character in the Book degree Fahrenheit Joshua, Phinehas. He assisted in the distribution of the land Canaan after the Israelites took over. When he died, he was buried at Gibeah, which had been allotted to his boy Phinehas in the hill state of Ephraim ( Joshua 24:33 ) . The high priesthood stayed in the Eleazar lineage until Eli became the new high priest. It was later put back into Eleazar s household when Zadok was cast out by Solomon. Phinehas Phinehas was the boy of the old high priest, Eleazar. He played a function when the folk of Reuben and Gad went out to take over the lands beyond the Jordan. They together build an communion table on the other side of the river. While the remainder of the Israelites wonder if it is a breakaway motion, they send Phinehas to look into in Joshua 22:9-34. The Israelites believed that the folks were interrupting the religion of the God of Israel. However the leaders of the kins explain, No! We did it for fright that some twenty-four hours your posterities might state to ours, What do you hold to make with the Lord, the God of Israel? A The Lord has made the Jordan a boundary between us and you-you Reubenites and Gadites! You have no portion in the LORD. So your posterities might do ours to halt fearing the Lord. ( Joshua 22:24 ) . When Phinehas had head what Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh said, they were pleased and said that they acted dependably towards the Lord and that they rescued the Hebrewss from His manus. The Reubenites and the Gadites game the communion table the name of A Witness Between Us that the Lord is God. Book of Joshua and the New Testament The Book of Joshua besides made a fulfilment in Colossians in the New Testament. The Israelites had moved approximately in the wilderness 40 old ages until all the work forces who were of military age when they left Egypt had died, since they had non obeyed the Lord. For the Lord had sworn to them that they would non see the land he had solemnly promised their ascendants to give us, a land fluxing with milk and honey.A A So he raised up their boies in their topographic point, and these were the 1s Joshua circumcised. They were still uncircumcised because they had non been circumcised on the way.A A And after the whole state had been circumcised, they remained where they were in cantonment until they were healed ( Joshua 5:5-8 ) . These poetries from the Old Testament in the Book of Joshua would shortly associate later to Colossians subsequently on in the New Testament by stating that For in Christ all the comprehensiveness of the Deity lives in bodily signifier, A and you have been given fullness in Christ, who is the caput over every power and authority.A In him you were besides circumcised, in the seting off of the iniquitous nature, A non with a Circumcision done by the custodies of work forces but with the Circumcision done by Jesus ( Colossians 2:9-11 ) . By circumcising oneself each adult male that does it is fundamentally stating that they are giving themselves to the full to Christ. They are purging all wickednesss from them, and that it represents non merely a Circumcision from the custodies of adult male, but it is done with the Spirit of Christ besides. The work forces in the Old Testament who circumcised themselves were obeying the compact that God made with Joshua, and anyone who was circumcised was able to come in the Promised Land. Those who did nt, either were nt allowed in, or died. Verses 1-9 [ of Joshua 5 ] describe God s commandment that those who were born in the wilderness were to be circumcised when they came into the Promised Land. By so making, God rolled away the reproach of Egypt from them, intending that He cleansed them from the wickednesss of their former life.A Colossians 2:10-12 describes trusters as holding been circumcised in their Black Marias by Christ Himself, by whom we have put off the iniquitous nature of our former lives without Christ ( Book of Joshua ) . The Messages and Lessons of the Book of Joshua Some of the chief key points in the Book of Joshua are that: God is Faithful, His word is true, God is a Holy Judge, and even when God s workers die, His ain work supports on traveling. When I say that God is faithful, I mean that if person who worships Him is faithful to Him, God will be faithful back. Anyone who does what God asks of them will be rewarded and hold His favour. As proven in the Book of Joshua, you can see many illustrations of where God helps those that are faithful. Some illustrations are Rahab assisting the two undercover agents infiltrate and escape from Jericho. As a wages for assisting His workers, God and Joshua spare her and her household s life. At the same clip, Joshua is obeying God s word and is assisting him win all of the conflicts to take over the lands of Canaan. This is another illustration of fidelity to God, and the wagess he will give you for staying that manner. When I say that God s word is true, I mean that when God promises something as a wages for fidelity to Him, He will ever maintain His word. This applies to making things against God s word every bit good. As we saw earlier, Archan disobeyed God when he took spiritual ownerships from the metropolis of Jericho. This in bend caused God to be angry and to maintain to the trade that He made with Joshua. This led to the Israelites losing to the metropolis of Ai in the first conflict against them. It was so found out that Archan had stolen something from Jericho, and God and Joshua decided to hold him stoned to decease, along with his household. This shows that in good or bad, God will maintain to His word. Honoring the faithful, and penalizing the unfaithful to His word. When I say that God is a Holy Judge, I mean that He has the right to penalize evildoers and honor the faithful. He can do any determination He wants on a state of affairs, and the people that are faithful to Him will hold with whatever He says ; that is, if they are faithful to His word. God s judgement is ultimate and concluding and is ever the right determination, since God is higher than us. Finally, when I say that when God s workers die, His work keeps traveling on, it means that even when his retainers and Prophetss and priests pass on to Heaven, He will ever hold a replacing for them. Even if it is non clip for person to go through on, God will hold a program and a topographic point for him or her in Heaven. God will ever populate on in person else when a individual dies. Whether it be a household member or friend, He will ever be someplace in the universe, at all times. God s work is neer done and He will ever hold something new traveling on in everyone s lives. Everyone has a intent in this life and merely God Himself knows what is in shop for each individual. Decision The Book of Joshua is a all-around book, although comparatively short, it shows many sides of the Old Testament that are of import throughout the whole Bible itself. In my sentiment, The Book of Joshua is likely my favourite book that I have read so far out of the Old Testament. It shows the fidelity, award, and committedness that God gives to His people, and inspires me to listen and mind to His word. Overall, the narratives and lessons learned in the Book of Joshua are decidedly something for every human being that believes in God to populate by. These lessons are something that can maintain our relationship with God favourable, and if we all abide by what God has told us to make, and live the lives that he has presented before us, we know that we will finally be rewarded. All we have to make is merely have religion. Citations The Bible NIV Book of Joshua. A Bible Gateway. N.p. , n.d. Web. 3 Nov 2010. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.biblegateway.com/ gt ; . The Book of Joshua. A Got Questions The Book of Joshua. N.p. , n.d. Web. 3 Nov 2010. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gotquestions.org/Book-of-Joshua.html gt ; .